Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia

Matic Mihevc; Tina Virtič Potočnik; Črt Zavrnik; Marija Petek Šter; Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš; Antonija Poplas Susič

doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705

eISSN: 2449-8580
ISSN: 1734-3402

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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1/2024
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abstract:

Original paper

Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia

Matic Mihevc

^{1, 2}

,

Tina Virtič Potočnik

^{1, 3}

,

Črt Zavrnik

^{1, 2}

,

Marija Petek Šter

²

,

Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš

^{1, 3}

,

Antonija Poplas Susič

^{1, 2}

Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Health Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Department of Family Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Department of Family Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2024; 26(1): 67–73

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705

Online publish date: 2024/03/15

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AMA

Mihevc M, Potočnik T, Zavrnik Č, Petek Šter M, Klemenc-Ketiš Z, Susič A. Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review. 2024;26(1):67-73. doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705.

APA

Mihevc, M., Potočnik, T., Zavrnik, Č., Petek Šter, M., Klemenc-Ketiš, Z.,  & Susič, A. (2024). Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, 26(1), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705

Chicago

Mihevc, Matic, Tina Virtič Potočnik, Črt Zavrnik, Marija Petek Šter, Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš,  and Antonija Poplas Susič. 2024. "Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia". Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 26 (1): 67-73. doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705.

Harvard

Mihevc, M., Potočnik, T., Zavrnik, Č., Petek Šter, M., Klemenc-Ketiš, Z.,  and Susič, A. (2024). Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, 26(1), pp.67-73. https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705

MLA

Mihevc, Matic et al. "Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia." Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, vol. 26, no. 1, 2024, pp. 67-73. doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705.

Vancouver

Mihevc M, Potočnik T, Zavrnik Č, Petek Šter M, Klemenc-Ketiš Z, Susič A. Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review. 2024;26(1):67-73. doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.134705.

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Background
Recently, arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) populations have shifted in occurrence, age patterns and healthcare strategies. However, poorly controlled AH and T2D persist, emphasising the importance of monitoring and predicting control rates.

Objectives
To assess the prevalence of poorly controlled AH and T2D in elderly Slovenian population and identify risk factors associated with poor control.

Material and methods
A multi-centre cross-sectional survey among elderly individuals with AH and T2D, treated in Slovenian primary care, was conducted. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Poorly controlled AH and T2D were defined as blood pressure (BP) 140/90 mm Hg and HbA1c 7.5%, respectively. Statistical analysis encompassed univariate tests and multivariate binary logistic regression.

Results
A total of 137 participants, averaging 71.2 ± 4.5 years of age, with mean systolic BP of 137.2 ± 14.4 mm Hg and mean HbA1c of 7.2 ± 1.0%, were studied. Prevalence rates for poorly controlled AH and T2D stood at 41.6% and 36.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant factors, revealed that living in an urban area (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.15–6.47, p = 0.023) and AH duration (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10, p = 0.022) were significantly associated with poorly controlled AH. Conversely, female gender (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.07–5.73, p = 0.035) and daily T2D pill count (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.32–2.91, p = 0.001) were significantly associated with poorly controlled T2D.

Conclusions
To improve AH and T2D control, integrated care models should incorporate risk-aware screening methods along with approaches such as increasing awareness, improving education and self-management support, increasing combination therapy usage and personalised treatment plans.

keywords:

Health after the pandemic: investigating risk factors for poorly controlled arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes among elderly patients in primary care in Slovenia

Matic Mihevc 1, 2 , Tina Virtič Potočnik 1, 3 , Črt Zavrnik 1, 2 , Marija Petek Šter 2 , Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš 1, 3 , Antonija Poplas Susič 1, 2

aged, multimorbidity, disease management, women, urban population, polypharmacy

Matic Mihevc

^{1, 2}

,

Tina Virtič Potočnik

^{1, 3}

,

Črt Zavrnik

^{1, 2}

,

Marija Petek Šter

²

,

Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš

^{1, 3}

,

Antonija Poplas Susič

^{1, 2}