eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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2/2020
vol. 45
 
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abstract:
Clinical immunology

Immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Marta Baranowska-Nowak
1
,
Barbara Iwańczak
2
,
Mariusz Szczepanik
3
,
Marcin Banasiuk
4
,
Łukasz Dembiński
4
,
Katarzyna Karolewska-Bochenek
4
,
Marcin Dziekiewicz
4
,
Andrzej Radzikowski
4
,
Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz
4

  1. Pediatric Hospital in Warsaw, Poland
  2. 2nd Department and Clinic of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
  3. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  4. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 45 (2): 144-150
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2020.97902
Online publish date: 2020/07/27
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Aim of the study
To evaluate the immune response rate in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who received the full hepatitis B vaccination course in infancy. We also evaluated rates of response to booster doses.

Material and methods
Participants were 1- to 18-year-old children with IBD, who received 3 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine in infancy. The study subjects were on no immunosuppressive therapy, on immunomodulators, on biological therapy, or received combo therapy. Anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) level ≥ 10 mIU/ml was considered to be seroprotective. Patients with anti-HBs level < 10 mIU/ml received 1 or 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine, and their post-vaccination anti-HBs levels were evaluated.

Results
In total, we included 157 subjects, with a median age of 14.5 years. Anti-HBs levels ≥ 10 mIU/ml were found in 84/157 (53.5%) patients and were not associated with age (p = 0.3), sex (p = 0.7), or IBD type (p = 0.9). There was no significant difference in the rate of seroconversion between IBD patients treated with no immunosuppressive drugs, immunomodulators, biologicals, and combo therapy (30.4% vs. 39.3% vs. 2.7% vs. 7.1%, respectively, p = 0.3). After the first and third dose of booster vaccine, anti-HBs levels ≥ 10 mIU/ml were as follows: 92% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusions
The immune response in children with IBD, who received the full series of hepatitis B vaccinations in infancy was inadequate and did not depend on the type of therapy. The booster dose(s) of vaccine could help to protect this group of patients from hepatitis B virus.

keywords:

immunogenicity, vaccine, HBV, immunosuppressive therapy
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