Indications for diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy of the alimentary tract in children

Endoscopic study of the upper as well as lower part of the alimentary tract cannot be overestimated in current gastroenterology. However, it is an invasive procedure which can be followed by an array of complications. Among the undesired complications of endoscopy are those which can occur already before the procedure, connected with preparation of it, those occurring while performing the procedure, and even those which can happen after. Despite the fact that the risk of serious complications such as perforation and haemorrhage is lower in children than in adults, they should be taken into consideration while contemplating the indications for its performance. A decision to perform endoscopy is appropriate only when its result will influence the further diagnostic and therapeutic process. To increase the safety of the qualified patient he should be monitored both during the procedure and after it until complete awakening. After relocation of the patient to the hospital ward or home, nurses and parents should be alerted of the symptoms which must immediately be reported to a physician.