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eISSN: 2084-9893
ISSN: 0033-2526
Dermatology Review/Przegląd Dermatologiczny
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4/2021
vol. 108
 
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abstract:
Case report

Longitudinal melanonychia and distal onycholysis associated with 5-fluorouracil/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for breast cancer

Marta Żywno
1
,
Agnieszka Terlikowska-Brzósko
2
,
Witold Owczarek
2
,
Cezary Szczylik
3

  1. Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Dermatology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Department of Oncology, European Health Center, Otwock, Poland
Dermatol Rev/Przegl Dermatol 2021, 108, 305-310
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/dr.2021.110763
Online publish date: 2021/12/13
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Introduction
Longitudinal melanonychia presents with pigmented longitudinal streaks of the nail plate. It results from an increased activity of melanocytes or melanocytic hyperplasia in the nail matrix or nail bed and is associated with increased melanin deposition in the nail plate. Distal onycholysis is characterized by separation of the distal part of the nail plate from the nail bed.

Objective
To present a case of longitudinal melanonychia and distal onycholysis associated with 5-fluorouracil/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy.

Case report
A 66-year-old woman, who received 5-fluorouracil/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide for breast cancer developed longitudinal melanonychia and distal onycholysis. After discontinuation of chemotherapy, nail changes improved significantly.

Conclusions
Drug-induced longitudinal melanonychia and distal onycholysis are common adverse effects of breast cancer chemotherapy. This case shows that lesions may resolve after discontinuation of therapy.

keywords:

adriamycin, breast cancer, cyclophosphamide, melanonychia, 5-fluorouracil
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