Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia

Aneta Kalisz; Dagmara Mętel; Artur Daren; Piotr Błądziński; Dawid Kruk; Andrzej Cechnicki

doi:10.5114/ppn.2020.94693

eISSN: 2720-5371
ISSN: 1230-2813

Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii

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abstract:

Original paper

Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia

Aneta Kalisz

¹

,

Dagmara Mętel

¹

,

Artur Daren

¹

,

Piotr Błądziński

¹

,

Dawid Kruk

²

,

Andrzej Cechnicki

¹

Department of Community Psychiatry, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Psychosis Research and Psychotherapy Unit, Association for the Development of Community Psychiatry and Care, Krakow, Poland

Adv Psychiatry Neurol 2020; 29 (1): 25-38

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94693

Online publish date: 2020/04/27

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AMA

Kalisz A, Mętel D, Daren A, Błądziński P, Kruk D, Cechnicki A. Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii. 2020;29(1):25-38. doi:10.5114/ppn.2020.94693.

APA

Kalisz, A., Mętel, D., Daren, A., Błądziński, P., Kruk, D.,  & Cechnicki, A. (2020). Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii, 29(1), 25-38. https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94693

Chicago

Kalisz, Aneta, Dagmara Mętel, Artur Daren, Piotr Błądziński, Dawid Kruk,  and Andrzej Cechnicki. 2020. "Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia". Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii 29 (1): 25-38. doi:10.5114/ppn.2020.94693.

Harvard

Kalisz, A., Mętel, D., Daren, A., Błądziński, P., Kruk, D.,  and Cechnicki, A. (2020). Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii, 29(1), pp.25-38. https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94693

MLA

Kalisz, Aneta et al. "Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia." Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii, vol. 29, no. 1, 2020, pp. 25-38. doi:10.5114/ppn.2020.94693.

Vancouver

Kalisz A, Mętel D, Daren A, Błądziński P, Kruk D, Cechnicki A. Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii. 2020;29(1):25-38. doi:10.5114/ppn.2020.94693.

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Purpose
The study assessed the associations between negative symptoms measured with the BPRS-WR (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Withdrawal, Retardation), persistent negative symptoms (PNS) and deficit syndrome (DS) with severity of symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia.

Methods
Fifty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM III were examined during their first psychiatric hospital admission and after 1, 3, 7, 12 and 20 years. The group with the BPRS-WR symptoms was selected on the basis of an evaluation conducted one year after discharge from their first hospitalization. The PNS and DS groups were selected following examinations performed at discharge and one year later. The proxy for deficit syndrome (PDS) method was used to assess DS.

Results
A greater severity of negative syndrome and PNS was associated with greater severity of positive symptoms and poorer general functioning at subsequent measurement points. No such associations were found for the DS. A higher BPRS-WR score was the most stable predictor and explainer of a greater severity of positive and negative schizophrenia symptoms and deterioration in subjects’ functioning over the 20-year period. This association often weakened as the observation time lengthened.

Conclusions
The association of negative symptoms with the severity of the symptoms of schizophrenia and the level of functioning decreased as the criteria eliminating secondary negative symptoms were gradually introduced.

keywords:

Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia

Aneta Kalisz 1 , Dagmara Mętel 1 , Artur Daren 1 , Piotr Błądziński 1 , Dawid Kruk 2 , Andrzej Cechnicki 1

schizophrenia, prospective study, negative symptoms

Aneta Kalisz

¹

,

Dagmara Mętel

¹

,

Artur Daren

¹

,

Piotr Błądziński

¹

,

Dawid Kruk

²

,

Andrzej Cechnicki

¹