Persistent attenuation of brain oxidative stress through aging in perinatal maternal separated rat pups supplemented with choline and docosahexaenoic acid or Clitoria ternatea aqueous root extract

Introduction
Perinatal maternal separation stress (PMSS) induces brain lipid peroxidation and reduction in endogenous antioxidants. The present study was designed to assess the brain oxidative stress (MDA) and protein thiol levels through various stages of aging in PMSS rat pups supplemented with choline with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or Clitoria ternatea (Linn) aqueous root extract (CTR).

Material and methods
Study groups, control, PMSS, PMSS + choline with DHA, PMSS + CTR (n = 6/group) were included in the study. Pups of PMSS groups were separated from their mothers for a period of 6 h/day for 30 days. PMSS + supplemented groups were treated as appropriate during the same period. Rats were sacrificed on day 30, 60, 90, 210 and 360. Brains were processed for MDA and protein thiol levels.

Results
Brain MDA levels were significantly increased in PMSS rats at day 30, 60 (p < 0.001), 90 (p < 0.01) and attenuated in PMSS pups supplemented with choline with DHA and CTR at day 30, 60 (p < 0.01), 90 (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) and 360 (p < 0.001) when compared to the same in age-matched controls and PMSS rats, respectively. Alternatively, brain protein thiol levels in PMSS rats were reduced in all age groups when compared to the same in age-matched controls. A significant increase in brain thiol levels was observed in supplemented groups at day 60 (p < 0.01) and 210 (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) when compared to the same in age-matched PMSS rats.

Conclusions
PMSS causes enhanced brain lipid peroxidation (MDA levels) and reduces endogenous antioxidants. Supplementation of choline and DHA or CTR during PMSS in rats persistently attenuates brain oxidative stress through aging.