eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
2/2020
vol. 24
 
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abstract:
Case report

Persistent pleural effusion in an infant with an unusual diagnosis: congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

Can Yilmaz Yozgat
1
,
Osman Yesilbas
2
,
Yilmaz Yozgat
3
,
Osman Cemil Akdemir
4
,
Ismail Yurtsever
5
,
Nur Tekin
6
,
Damat Baghishov
6
,
Nigar Bayramova
6
,
Sahande Elagoz
7
,
Fatma Betul Cakir
8

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  2. Department of Paediatric Critical Care Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  3. Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  4. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  5. Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  6. Department of Paediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  7. Department of Pathology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
  8. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2020; 24 (2): 132-135
Online publish date: 2020/07/03
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Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant form of neoplasm that originates from skeletal muscle. RMSs can exist anywhere in the human body but are more commonly detected in the neck region and extremities. The alveolar type is one of the subtypes of RMS that has a poor prognosis. Because the clinical manifestation of a tumour can be a painless mass, symptoms might be non-contributary to the diagnosis. Herein, a four-month-old girl was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of respiratory distress without a runny nose, cough, and fever. Recurrent effusions subsided with subsequent tube thoracostomy. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed to determine the aetiology of the recurrent effusion. The Tru-Cut biopsy obtained during VATS resulted in the diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Pleural effusion decreased, and the tube drainage was stopped rapidly after first vincristine, actinomycin-D, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy cycle. Persistent and recurrent pleural effusions should alert physicians to rule out unusual diagnoses like that of our case.
keywords:

congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, childhood, pleural effusion

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