eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
2/2023
vol. 27
 
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abstract:
Case report

Primary pulmonary Hodgkin’s lymphoma mimicking granulomatosis with polyangiitis – a case report of diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

Lucjan Sławiński
1
,
Julia Maria Sołek
1
,
Joanna Miłkowska-Dymanowska
2
,
Dorota Jesionek-Kupnicka
1
,
Joanna Góra-Tybor
3
,
Damian Mikulski
4
,
Marcin Braun
1

  1. Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  2. Department of Pneumology, 2nd Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  3. Department of Haematology, Medical University of Lodz and Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
  4. Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2023; 27 (2): 113–117
Online publish date: 2023/08/20
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Primary pulmonary Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PPHL) is a rare subtype of lymphoma that comprises a small percentage of primary pulmonary lymphomas. Due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, PPHL often presents diagnostic challenges. This case report presents a unique case of PPHL mimicking granulomatosis with polyangiitis, emphasizing the difficulties encountered during the diagnostic process. A 53-year-old female presented with vague symptoms including weakness, oedema, dry cough, and nasal cavity ulceration. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated C-reactive protein levels, a white blood cell count with neutrophilia, and lymphopaenia. Initial treatment with oral corticosteroids for suspected polyangiitis yielded no response. The patient subsequently developed a low-grade fever and pruritic erythematous rash. Diagnostic procedures, including bronchial brush biopsy, bronchial washing, mediastinal lymph node biopsy, nasal cavity ulceration biopsy, and initial lung biopsy, were inconclusive and resulted in exclusion of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. A subsequent computed tomography scan indicated disease progression in the left lung. A lung biopsy revealed fibrotic tissue with nodules containing Hodgkin- Reed-Sternberg cells, leading to the final diagnosis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis subtype. Positron emission tomography scan findings confirmed PPHL. The patient received multiple chemotherapeutic regimens, with brentuximab vedotin demonstrating efficacy as the sole effective treatment. This exceptional case of PPHL underscores the extensive diagnostic and therapeutic workup involving a multidisciplinary team of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists. Increased awareness of PPHL and its distinctive features will aid in the diagnosis of similar cases in the future, benefitting both clinicians and pathologists.
keywords:

hematopathology, brentuximab vedotin, primary pulmonary Hodgkin’s lymphoma, mask of granulomatosis with polyangiitis, lymphomatoid granulomatosis

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