Risk factors for ischemic stroke: differences between cerebral small vessel and large artery atherosclerosis aetiologies

Yan Shi; Li Guo; Yangkun Chen; Qingfan Xie; Zhenyu Yan; Yongtao Liu; Juxian Kang; Shuang Li

doi:10.5114/fn.2021.112007

eISSN: 1509-572x
ISSN: 1641-4640

Folia Neuropathologica

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4/2021
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abstract:

Original paper

Risk factors for ischemic stroke: differences between cerebral small vessel and large artery atherosclerosis aetiologies

Yan Shi

^{1, 2}

,

Li Guo

²

,

Yangkun Chen

³

,

Qingfan Xie

¹

,

Zhenyu Yan

¹

,

Yongtao Liu

¹

,

Juxian Kang

⁴

,

Shuang Li

⁴

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
Department of Neurology, Dongguan People’s Hospital (Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University), Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
Department of Neurology, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China

Folia Neuropathol 2021; 59 (4): 378-385

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fn.2021.112007

Online publish date: 2021/12/30

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The treatment for large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke is also important for patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Our aim is to clarify the risk factors for ischemic cerebral SVD and to evaluate the different risk factor profiles of the two ischemic stroke subtypes, namely, ischemic cerebral SVD and LAA. A total of 353 patients with acute ischemic stroke were assigned to two groups according to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria: the ischemic cerebral SVD group and the LAA group. A total of 70 non-stroke patients admitted during the same period served as the control group. Clinical variables were collected, including age, sex, blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol (TC), smoking history, drinking history, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and family history of a high-risk disease. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analyses were performed. MLR analysis showed that risk factors for LAA stroke included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high low-density lipoprotein, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking compared with the control group. The analysis also showed that the risk factors for cerebral SVD stroke were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high TC, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking. In terms of the factors distinguishing LAA and cerebral SVD, MLR demonstrated that high TC played prominent roles in cerebral SVD. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high total cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking are independent risk factors for cerebral SVD stroke. Compared with the LAA stroke group, patients with cerebral SVD stroke were more likely to have a high level of TC.

keywords:

Risk factors for ischemic stroke: differences between cerebral small vessel and large artery atherosclerosis aetiologies

Yan Shi 1, 2 , Li Guo 2 , Yangkun Chen 3 , Qingfan Xie 1 , Zhenyu Yan 1 , Yongtao Liu 1 , Juxian Kang 4 , Shuang Li 4

cerebral small vessel disease, white matter lesions, large artery atherosclerosis

Yan Shi

^{1, 2}

,

Li Guo

²

,

Yangkun Chen

³

,

Qingfan Xie

¹

,

Zhenyu Yan

¹

,

Yongtao Liu

¹

,

Juxian Kang

⁴

,

Shuang Li

⁴