Systemic consequences of coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes – is it worth following a gluten-free diet?

Karolina Ruszkiewicz; Joanna Nazim

doi:10.5114/pedm.2024.146861

eISSN: 2083-8441
ISSN: 2081-237X

Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism

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abstract:

Review paper

Systemic consequences of coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes – is it worth following a gluten-free diet?

Karolina Ruszkiewicz

¹

,

Joanna Nazim

^{1, 2}

Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Paediatrics, Institute of Paediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow; University Children’s Hospital in Krakow, Poland
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Paediatrics, Institute of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland

Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 30 (4): 221-226

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2024.146861

Online publish date: 2025/01/27

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Introduction
Coeliac disease (CD) often coexists with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Children with double diagnosis are frequently asymptomatic, which raises the question of whether to introduce a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) or not.

Aim of the study
To summarise data on systemic consequences of coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Material and methods
The PubMed database was searched for papers to identify meta-analyses, reviews and clinical trials focusing on children.

Results
Coeliac disease, like type 1 diabetes may adversely influence glycaemic control, growth, weight gain, lipid profile and bone health as well as increase the risk of vascular complications. A strict gluten-free diet, at least partly, prevents the development of systemic complications of both disorders.

Conclusions
Dietary restrictions do not have a negative impact on the quality of life of young diabetic patients hence a gluten-free diet with its multifaceted beneficial effects should be recommended to all children with diabetes and coeliac disease.

keywords:

Systemic consequences of coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes – is it worth following a gluten-free diet?

Karolina Ruszkiewicz 1 , Joanna Nazim 1, 2

diabetes mellitus, coeliac disease, gluten-free diet

Karolina Ruszkiewicz

¹

,

Joanna Nazim

^{1, 2}