eISSN: 2720-5371
ISSN: 1230-2813
Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii
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1/2023
vol. 32
 
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abstract:
Original paper

The relationship between occupational burnout and work ability among firefighters: exploring the mediating effects of insomnia, depressive symptoms, loneliness and alcohol misuse

Bogdan Stefanowski
1
,
Łukasz Mokros
2
,
Halina Sienkiewicz-Jarosz
3
,
Łukasz Baka
4
,
Joanna Bugajska
4
,
Piotr Świtaj
1

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  3. Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
  4. Department of Ergonomics, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Adv Psychiatry Neurol 2023; 32 (1): 1-11
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2023.127181
Online publish date: 2023/05/08
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Purpose
Firefighting is a profession associated with a high risk of elevated levels of occupational stress and burnout. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the mediating effects of insomnia, depressive symptoms, loneliness and alcohol misuse in the relationship between two dimensions of burnout (i.e., exhaustion and disengagement) and work ability among firefighters.

Methods
A total of 460 firefighters from various regions of Poland completed a set of self-report questionnaires to assess constructs of interest. A mediation model was constructed to verify hypothesized paths, adjusted for socio-demographic and work-related background characteristics. Model parameters were estimated using a bootstrapping procedure, with sampling set at N = 1000.

Result
The proposed model explained 44% of variance in work ability. Higher levels of both exhaustion and disengagement predicted worsened work ability. When mediators were controlled for, these effects remained statistically significant. Depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness were found to be partial mediators of the association between exhaustion and work ability, and between disengagement and work ability. The mediating effects of insomnia and alcohol misuse were non-significant.

Conclusions
Interventions aimed at counteracting the decrement in work ability among firefighters should target not only occupational burnout, but also depressive symptoms and a sense of loneliness as factors mediating its detrimental effects.

keywords:

burnout, exhaustion, work ability, firefighters, disengagement
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