Review article
Music therapy in dementia disorders

Conjunction between music and medicine is described widely as a multi-faceted phenomenon. Music is used to regulate physiological and mental states. Studies about sound structure and music and its perception show that music should also be considered from the perspective of musical work elements (rhythm, melody, tempo, dynamics) and patients’ perceived capabilities. It is of great importance especially in a holistic approach in medicine and modern rehabilitation combined with music therapy. Music therapy for older people suffering from dementia disorders has been developing intensively in recent years and it is because the human population is gradually getting older (Krzyżanowski 2004). In addition, mental disorders, especially dementia and mood disorders, are becoming more common in this group. Music therapy can provide a valuable support in rehabilitation and daily care of people with dementia. The studies show the importance of using particular techniques of music therapy when taking care of people with dementia. The paper presents selected music therapy techniques used in medicine, the value of music therapy in dementia disorder and therapeutic initiatives with music use and its functions in therapy of people with dementia. Text analysis shows similarities and differences in studies about music therapy in dementia disorders in both Europe and the USA in the last years. The most common techniques shown in the research are: music stimulation, music reminiscence, music and movement and social dancing. The authors present a theory report on music therapy use in dementia disorders and they show selected studies referring to use of this method in therapy.